What is ‘Operation Kalanemi’ safeguarding ‘Devbhoomi’ Uttarakhand from?

Uttarakhand, revered as ‘Devbhoomi’ and home to the holiest pilgrimage sites in India, has witnessed growing concerns in recent years over encroachments, identity fraud, illegal religious structures, conversion-related cases and changing demographic patterns in certain districts. In response, the Uttarakhand government has launched a series of measures ranging from ‘Operation Kalanemi’ and anti-encroachment drives to stricter anti-conversion law, madrassa reforms and the implementation of the Uniform Civil Code. Some view these measures as compromising personal freedoms, privacy, and targeting minority communities. Others feel that these initiatives represent one of the most comprehensive efforts undertaken by the state to address issues of governance, security, cultural preservation and social harmony while safeguarding the unique identity of Uttarakhand. So, what exactly are these measures and their rationale?